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Diversity and inclusion

Clinical research needs you

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Gender and ethnic differences matter in treatment of heart valve disease

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52% of women surveyed experienced heart valve disease symptoms1

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Low income patients receive less care2

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Women are less likely than men to receive treatment for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS)3

Different risk profiles.

Different treatment outcomes.

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With your help participating in Clinical Trials, we can explore whether a treatment approach or device is safe and effective. Data show that women are getting referred later than men4, and increasing female participation is critical to improving our understanding about the effects of new treatments for women and saving lives.

We need you.

Effectiveness and safety may differ among population subgroups depending on intrinsic/extrinsic factors, including:

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Race

Ethnicity

Ethnicity

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Sex

Leaf

Lifestyle

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Age

DNA

Genetic background

Visit our resources page for more facts

Did you know?

1

Racial disparities in TAVR implantation results from several factors, including socioeconomic disparities, inherent biases in healthcare provision, fewer referrals to specialists and language barriers in some minority populations.2

2

Patients who are women, black, or on Medicaid are less likely to be screened for progression of valvular heart disease at appropriate intervals.8

More ethnic minority participation is needed in clinical trials

With your help we can do better...

Representation across 178 cardiovascular clinical trials9

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We're here for you

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References

  1. WomenHeart. “Heart Valve Disease – Why We Under-Diagnose and Under-Treat Women” # Accessed August 24, 2021.
  2. Bob-Manuel T, Sharma A, Nanda A, Ardeshna D, Skelton IV WP, Khouzam RN. A review of racial disparities in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR): accessibility, referrals and implantation. Annals of Translational Medicine. 2018 Jan;6(1). 
  3. Lowenstern A, Sheridan P, Wang TY, Boero I, Vemulapalli S, Thourani VH, Leon MB, Peterson ED, Brennan JM. Sex disparities in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. American Heart Journal. 2021 Jul 1;237:116-26. 
  4. Michos ED, Reddy TK, Gulati M, Brewer LC, Bond RM, Velarde GP, Bailey AL, Echols MR, Nasser SA, Bays HE, Navar AM. Improving the enrollment of women and racially/ethnically diverse populations in cardiovascular clinical trials: An ASPC practice statement. American Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 2021 Aug 20:100250.
  5. Nitsche C, Koschutnik M, Kammerlander A, Hengstenberg C, Mascherbauer J. Gender-specific differences in valvular heart disease. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2020 Feb;132(3):61-8.
  6. Aggarwal SR, Clavel MA, Messika-Zeitoun D, Cueff C, Malouf J, Araoz PA, Mankad R, Michelena H, Vahanian A, Enriquez-Sarano M. Sex differences in aortic valve calcification measured by multidetector computed tomography in aortic stenosis. Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging. 2013 Jan;6(1):40-7.
  7. Caponcello MG, Banderas LM, Ferrero C, Bramlage C, Thoenes M, Bramlage P. Gender differences in aortic valve replacement: is surgical aortic valve replacement riskier and transcatheter aortic valve replacement safer in women than in men?. Journal of Thoracic Disease. 2020 Jul;12(7):3737.
  8. Lindman BR, Arnold SV, Bagur R, Clarke L, Coylewright M, Evans F, Hung J, Lauck SB, Peschin S, Sachdev V, Tate LM. Priorities for Patient‐Centered Research in Valvular Heart Disease: A Report From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group. Journal of the American Heart Association. 2020 May 5;9(9):e015975.
  9. Preventza O, Critsinelis A, Simpson K, Olive JK, LeMaire SA, Cornwell LD, Jimenez E, Byrne J, Chatterjee S, Rosengart TK, Coselli JS. Sex, racial, and ethnic disparities in US cardiovascular trials in more than 230,000 patients. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2021 Sep 1;112(3):726-35.